Backing up an OSX profile to a linux server with rsync
TimeMachine is some nice software, but its overkill for me. I’ve previously written about this and how I put together a rsync solution and why I did so. In the case that anyone might be interested in doing the same, here is my setup.
Linux Server
I have a gentoo linux server, but this should be a mostly generic rsync server setup. My rsyncd.conf looks like this
# /etc/rsyncd.conf
# This line is required by the /etc/init.d/rsyncd script
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
use chroot = yes
read only = no
uid = bed
gid = bed
hosts allow = 192.168.42.0/24
[bed-backup]
path=/mnt/backup/bed
comment = Beds Backup
and of course rsyncd is in my /etc/init.d and starts automatically at boot.
OSX
I have a simple bash script that I can run that will backup the contents of my home directory, called backup_bed.sh. This will turn sleep off, make sure the network is available (as the machine may have been woken from sleep) and then do the backup.
#!/bin/sh
#Bed's rsync backup script
echo `date` Beds Backup > last_backup.log
echo `date` ------------- >> last_backup.log
echo `date` Script Starting at `date` >> last_backup.log
# turn off system sleep
pmset -a sleep 0 2>&1 >> last_backup.log
echo `date` Turned off sleep >> last_backup.log
echo `date` ------------- >> last_backup.log
# wait for network to show up
pingcount=0
trycount=1
failflag=0
while [ $pingcount -eq 0 ]
do
echo `date` Waiting for network... $trycount >> last_backup.log
pingcount=$(/sbin/ping -c 3 -o bedentoo | grep "received" | awk -F',' '{ print $2 }' | awk '{ print $1 }')
trycount=`expr $trycount + 1`
if [ $trycount -eq 11 ]
then
echo `date` network fail - giving up >> last_backup.log
failflag=1
pingcount=-1
fi
done
if [ $failflag -eq 0 ]
then
#do rsync
echo `date` RSync started. >> last_backup.log
/usr/bin/rsync -a -x -S -v -v --progress --exclude-from=/Users/bed/scripts/backup_excludes.txt /Users/bed/ bedentoo::bed-backup 2>&1 >> last_backup.log
echo `date` RSync finished. >> last_backup.log
fi
#turn system sleep back on
echo `date` ------------- >> last_backup.log
pmset -a sleep 30 2>&1 >> last_backup.log
echo `date` Turned on sleep for 30 min >> last_backup.log
echo `date` Script Finished >> last_backup.log
echo `date` ------------- >> last_backup.log
I exclude non-essential stuff from my backup, notably temporary files and my virtual machines. These excludes are specified in the backup_excludes.txt file:
- .Trash
- Downloads
- temp
- Caches
- Parallels
And finally, the backup_bed.sh script is run every morning at 8am by launchd. The easiest way to configure launchd is with a nice GUI tool called Lingon. This is created as a User Daemon.
Finally my OSX is configured to automatically wake up a minute before the launchd runs (via System Preferences -> Energy Saver -> Scheduler). If for some reason the machine is actually off, launchd will run the script as soon as it can when the machine is next booted. (launchd is a very nice system).
One note of warning, this setup will not properly support Classic MacOS resource forks. These are nolonger used in OSX, however if you maintain a classic MacOS enviroment, you can backup to a OSX server (not a linux server) and use the -E option of OSX’s rsync.
